Gems are Ruby’s way of packaging applications or libraries so they can be easily shared. https://rubygems.org/ is a place where people host their gems to make them publicly available.

Installing a gem from https://rubygems.org/ is very easy:

1
gem install awesome_print

Once you install the gem, you might want to know where it was installed. You can find some information about your gem install by using gem env:

1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
10
11
12
13
14
15
16
17
18
19
20
21
$ gem env
RubyGems Environment:
  - RUBYGEMS VERSION: 2.0.14.1
  - RUBY VERSION: 2.0.0 (2015-12-16 patchlevel 648) [universal.x86_64-darwin15]
  - INSTALLATION DIRECTORY: /Library/Ruby/Gems/2.0.0
  - RUBY EXECUTABLE: /System/Library/Frameworks/Ruby.framework/Versions/2.0/usr/bin/ruby
  - EXECUTABLE DIRECTORY: /usr/local/bin
  - RUBYGEMS PLATFORMS:
    - ruby
    - universal-darwin-15
  - GEM PATHS:
     - /Library/Ruby/Gems/2.0.0
     - /Users/adrian/.gem/ruby/2.0.0
     - /System/Library/Frameworks/Ruby.framework/Versions/2.0/usr/lib/ruby/gems/2.0.0
  - GEM CONFIGURATION:
     - :update_sources => true
     - :verbose => true
     - :backtrace => false
     - :bulk_threshold => 1000
  - REMOTE SOURCES:
     - https://rubygems.org/

Since I discovered the web I believed it was the future. It gives everyone freedom to create the content they want to create and everybody can consume it no matter what operating system they are running. As technology moved forward, smartphones came to be. Smartphones are awesome, but with it came some regression. The creators of the platforms encouraged developers to create applications that only run on their platforms by offering an interface that was only available if you developed natively.

Browsers caught up pretty fast and came up with APIs for some of the most important features native apps provide (location, sensors, etc…). But there is still something about native apps that makes them somewhat better…engagement. It is not the same to have to open a browser and type a URL than to click an icon on your phone’s home screen.

Last weekend I participated in a hack day with some colleagues and one of them decided that it would be a good idea to use MongoDB. Since I had never used it, I thought it would be fun to learn a little about it. Here I’m going to write about the things that I learned.

Installation

I chose to use Docker because it makes everything easier. The only thing to keep in mind when using Docker for a database is that you need to store the data files outside the container so they don’t disappear when the container is destroyed. This is enough to get the MongoDB running in a container and making sure the data is persisted in $(PWD)/data in the host:

1
docker run --name my-mongo -v $(PWD)/data:/data/db -d mongo:3.3

First steps

Once we have mongo running we need to open a shell in the running container so we can play with it:

Vagrant is a tool for easily creating shareable development environments for your team. It consists of a configuration file with instructions for creating a virtual machine. This virtual machine should contain everything a developer might need to work in a specific project. This configuration file is then committed to the repo and shared with the team. All developers work inside this machine, preventing problems or inconsistencies setting up their development environment.

Now-a-days the same thing can be achieved using Docker(and it is my preferred way of doing it), but the company where I work has some projects using Vagrant, so I decided to learn about it.

Installation

The installation is pretty straight forward. Just head to Vagrant’s downloads page, get the binary for your OS and install it.

I have a digital ocean machine that runs a lonely server on it. This server is just a hobby project so I can afford it to go down every now and then. Nevertheless I want to minimize the time it goes down and be able to identify the cause when it happens.

My initial effort in this direction will be to setup some monitoring on the machine that runs my server. More specifically, I want to see the memory, network, disk, and CPU utilization of the machine graphed over time. This doesn’t solve all my problems but is a first step into getting more insight into what is happening in my server’s environment.

I recently had a friend who lost an external hard drive where she stored private information. This hard drive can now be read by anyone who finds it because there was no protection on it. To prevent that from happening to me I decided I will start encrypting my external drives (My computer drives are already encrypted by the OS).

The first thing you should do is temporarily backup your data in another drive. In order to encrypt the external drive we will need to remove all the data first.

This post was written in 2016. I wrote an updated version on 2018. Android development with Docker 2018

I’ve been using Docker for developing servers and other web applications for a few months and I find it very comfortable. When I want to work on one of my projects I just need to clone the git repository and run a Docker command and everything is ready to start developing. The environment and all dependencies are installed inside the Docker container automatically and the developer doesn’t need to worry about a thing.

Today I decided to try to expand this concept to one of my Android projects. With Android development there are a few challenges to overcome. We need to get the correct development tools to build the project as well as a way to easily install the build into a device for testing. A few people have already done a lot of work on this subject so I’m going to use as much of their work as I can.

I’m migrating a few web apps from a shared web server to a Digital Ocean droplet. Since I’m going to be hosting more than one application in the same machine I need a proxy that will direct traffic to the correct application based on the domain name.

I decided to use HAProxy because I have never used it and because in the future I can extend it to also do load balancing if necessary.

Since I’m moving a domain that I already own from one shared server to a Digital Ocean droplet, the process I’m going to follow is going to be something like this:

1. Set up my application in the droplet so it runs in a port different to port 80
2. Set up HAProxy so it runs on port 80 and routes all traffic coming from the correct domain name to my application
3. Change DNS configuration so traffic from my application domain is now sent to the droplet

I’ve been doing a few algorithm exercises that deal with binary numbers lately. Since my language of choice for algorithm problems is JavaScript and I had in the past read a little about how JavaScript numbers work, I was really confused to find out that binary operations actually work, since JavaScript numbers are represented with an exponent-fraction notation.

A quick search gave me the answer to this question. When you do binary operations against a number this will be converted to an integer in two’s complement. Another interesting thing is that even though JavaScript numbers are built using 64 bits, they will be converted to 32 bits when doing binary operations. Lets see how these two factors affect our operations.

I have a server that I can SSH to by using a username and password. This works fine, but I need to automate some things and now I have the need to SSH into my server without being prompted for a password. Using SSH keys is a very natural way of doing this so I decided to go ahead.

The first thing to do is generate an SSH key pair. This command should be run on the client (the computer that will SSH into the server):

1
ssh-keygen -t rsa

I named my key server_key_rsa. I also decided to use no passphrase because I don’t want to be prompted for it every time I SSH into my server.

Now, we need to copy this generated key to the server:

1
ssh-copy-id -i /home/myself/.ssh/server_key_rsa user@myhost

From now on I won’t be prompted for a password when I try to log into my server.